Redundancy management for efficient fault recovery in NASA's distributed computing system

The management of redundancy in computer systems was studied and guidelines were provided for the development of NASA's fault-tolerant distributed systems. Fault recovery and reconfiguration mechanisms were examined. A theoretical foundation was laid for redundancy management by efficient reconfiguration methods and algorithmic diversity. Algorithms were developed to optimize the resources for embedding of computational graphs of tasks in the system architecture and reconfiguration of these tasks after a failure has occurred. The computational structure represented by a path and the complete binary tree was considered and the mesh and hypercube architectures were targeted for their embeddings. The innovative concept of Hybrid Algorithm Technique was introduced. This new technique provides a mechanism for obtaining fault tolerance while exhibiting improved performance

Delayed multidisciplinary management of an intrusively luxated maxillary lateral incisor- A case report

Crown fractures account for the highest percentage of all traumatic injuries to the permanent dentition.This paper reports a case of delayed (1 month after the injury) multidisciplinary management of an intrusively luxated permanent central incisor. The extruded tooth was diagnosed as necrotic without coronal discoloration. Upon completion of root canal treatment, the tooth was repositioned  orthodontically and finally restored post endodontically for esthetic purposes

Re-Attachment – A Conservative Esthetic Emergency Protocol

Injury  to  anterior teeth   is a relatively common event  among children and teenagers. Dentists are confronted with managing dental trauma and  restoring fractured teeth on  a regular  basis. Hence  the technique  that speed and simplify treatment, restore  esthetics  and improve long term success rate are  therefore  of  potential value and should be considered. If an  intact tooth  fragment  is  present after  trauma, the incisal edge  reattachment  procedure  presents  a  conservative, simple  and  esthetic  alternative. It  also  restores  function, provides  a  positive  psychological  response  and  is a  relatively  simple  procedure. Clinical trials  have  reported  that  reattachment  using  modern  dentine  bonding  agents  and  resin system  may  achieve  a  functional  and  esthetic  success .This article  reports  on  two  coronal tooth fracture  cases  that  were successfully  treated  using  tooth fragment reattachment

“Second chance to save your tooth” - A case report

Retreatment in endodontics provides a second chance for the patient to save the tooth that would otherwise be deemed for extraction. Treatment approach can be either surgical or non surgical. Treatment failure can be due to many reasons from missed canal to iatrogenic perforation which has to be evaluated carefully before initiating the treatment. Sometimes a clinician also has to deal with inter appointment fl are ups requiring prompt and efficient patient management. This case report describes the non surgical management of failed root filled teeth. &nbsp

Maxillary first molar with two palatal roots located under dental operating microscope

An awareness and understanding of the presence of an additional root and unusual root canal morphology is essential as it determines the successful outcome of endodontic treatment. A thorough knowledge of basic root canal anatomy and its variation is necessary for successful completion of endodontic treatment. This report points to the importance of looking for additional roots and canals with the help of operating microscope. Finding additional roots and canals would enable clinician to successfully treat a case that would otherwise not be successful

Learnings and Reflections on Transition to New Competency-based Medical Education, MBBS curriculum in Microbiology: A Cross-sectional Observational Study

Introduction: Conventional teaching in microbiology revolved around the study of microorganisms without clinical relevance. Therefore, a New Competency-based Undergraduate (UG) Medical curriculum (New CBME) was rolled out in the academic year 2019 to make Indian Medical Graduates more clinically competent yet globally relevant. Aim: To assess the impact of the change in curriculum on students’ performance and desired educational outcomes before and after the implementation of the new curriculum. Likewise, the study aimed to analyse the experiences and reflections of medical teachers towards these amendments. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 82 students from the second year Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) with a traditional curriculum and 74 with the new Competency-based Medical Education (CBME) curriculum at the Department of Microbiology, Smt. B.K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, between February 2020 and November 2021. In both batches, topics from core as well as non core areas of various systems were included along with the Attitude, Ethics and Communication (AETCOM) modules. A comparison of both groups was done, and Chi-square values and p-values were calculated. Results: The batch with the new CBME curriculum was able to provide a provisional diagnosis for a case-based question better than the Traditional batch {n=60/74 (81%) vs n=44/82 (54%), p-value=0.0005, significant}. However, the correct aetiology, pathogenesis, and laboratory diagnosis were written better in the traditional batch compared to the new one, n=44/82 (54%) vs n=24/74 (32%). Regarding the AETCOM skills, the new batch had a better understanding of proper communication and ethics, i.e., 73/74 (99%), p-value<0.00001, Significant, while 66/82 students (80%) of the traditional batch and 67/74 (90%) of the new batch were aware of confidentiality issues. In viva voce, the new batch showed a lot of confusion regarding the names, types of micro-organisms, and the laboratory diagnosis of diseases caused by them compared to the traditional batch (p-value <0.00156, significant). Conclusion: After implementing the new CBME curriculum to undergraduate students and analysing the feedback of teachers and the performance of students, it was felt that an appraisal of the new curriculum is required for a satisfactory outcome in microbiology so that microbiology content can be incorporated with clinical relevance

ZRC3308 Monoclonal Antibody Cocktail Shows Protective Efficacy in Syrian Hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 Infection

We have developed a monoclonal antibody (mAb) cocktail (ZRC-3308) comprising of ZRC3308-A7 and ZRC3308-B10 in the ratio 1:1 for COVID-19 treatment. The mAbs were designed to have reduced immune effector functions and increased circulation half-life. mAbs showed good binding affinities to non-competing epitopes on RBD of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and were found neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, B.1.617.2, and B.1.617.2 AY.1 in vitro. The mAb cocktail demonstrated effective prophylactic and therapeutic activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection in Syrian hamsters. The antibody cocktail appears to be a promising candidate for prophylactic use and for therapy in early COVID-19 cases that have not progressed to severe disease